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一、圖紙基礎信息識別

1、 Identification of basic information on drawings

比例與圖例

Proportion and legend

濟南地區常用 1:100 或 1:200 比例，注意風管尺寸標注單位（mm 或 m）

The commonly used scale in Jinan area is 1:100 or 1:200, pay attention to the unit of air duct size annotation (mm or m)

核心識別本地常用符號：

Key identification of commonly used local symbols:

? 排煙風管（紅色虛線）

Smoke exhaust duct (red dashed line)

? 新風管（藍色實線）

Fresh air duct (solid blue line)

? 消聲器（濟南地鐵項目常用阻抗復合式符號）

Silencer (commonly used impedance composite symbol for Jinan Metro project)

標高系統

Elevation system

濟南地區地下室層高普遍≥3.5m，注意風管底標高標注（如 F+2.8m 表示距地 2.8 米）

The basement floor height in Jinan area is generally ≥ 3.5m. Pay attention to the elevation marking of the air duct bottom (such as F+2.8m indicating a distance of 2.8 meters from the ground)

結合《山東省建筑防煙排煙系統技術標準》，排煙風管距可燃物間距≥150mm

According to the Technical Standards for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems in Shandong Province, the distance between the exhaust duct and combustible materials should be ≥ 150mm

二、系統布局分析技巧

2、 System layout analysis skills

氣流組織路徑

Airflow organization path

濟南夏季主要風向東南風，進風口應避開污染源（如工業區、交通干道）

The dominant wind direction in Jinan during summer is southeast, and the air inlet should avoid pollution sources such as industrial areas and traffic arteries

某商業綜合體項目案例：新風管避開地下車庫排風井，采用屋頂高位進風（高度≥5m）

Case study of a commercial complex project: The new air duct avoids the exhaust shaft of the underground garage and adopts high-level air intake on the roof (height ≥ 5m)

管道坡度設計

Pipeline slope design

冷凝水排水管坡度≥3‰（GB 50738-2011），濟南濕度大需非常注意

The slope of the condensate drainage pipe is ≥ 3 ‰ (GB 50738-2011), and special attention should be paid to the high humidity in Jinan

人防地下室風管坡度需結合排水地漏位置，坡度方向箭頭指向排水點

The slope of the air duct in the civil air defense basement should be combined with the position of the drainage floor drain, and the slope direction arrow should point to the drainage point

三、關鍵節點識圖要點

3、 Key Points for Key Node Mapping

風管與設備連接

Air duct and equipment connection

風機進出口需設置軟連接（長度 150-300mm），濟南某醫院項目采用硅鈦合金軟接

Soft connections (length 150-300mm) are required for the inlet and outlet of the fan. A hospital project in Jinan uses silicon titanium alloy soft connections

防火閥安裝位置：距墻表面≤200mm（GB 50016-2014），需與圖紙標注一致

Installation position of fire damper: ≤ 200mm from the wall surface (GB 50016-2014), consistent with the drawing markings

變徑與彎頭處理

Variable diameter and elbow treatment

矩形風管長邊＞630mm 時需設置導流葉片，某地鐵車站彎頭采用 S 型導流板

When the length of the rectangular air duct is greater than 630mm, guide vanes need to be installed, and an S-shaped guide plate is used for the elbow of a subway station

濟南西站風管變徑段長度按 1:4-1:6 比例設計，減少局部阻力損失

The length of the variable diameter section of the air duct at Jinan West Station is designed in a ratio of 1:4-1:6 to reduce local resistance losses

四、材料與保溫要求

4、 Material and insulation requirements

風管材質識別

Identification of duct material

地下車庫排煙風管需采用厚度≥1.2mm 鍍鋅鋼板（濟南消防驗收強制要求）

The smoke exhaust duct of the underground garage must be made of galvanized steel plate with a thickness of ≥ 1.2mm (mandatory requirement for Jinan fire inspection)

人防工程優先選用 3mm 厚鋼板風管，配合 L50*5 角鋼法蘭

Priority should be given to using 3mm thick steel plate air ducts for civil air defense projects, in conjunction with L50 * 5 angle steel flanges

保溫層標注

Insulation layer labeling

空調風管保溫層厚度≥30mm（橡塑材料，導熱系數≤0.034W/(m?K)）

The insulation layer thickness of the air conditioning duct is ≥ 30mm (made of rubber material, with a thermal conductivity coefficient of ≤ 0.034W/(m? K))

濟南地區需注意冷凝控制，保溫層外需設置防潮層（鋁箔貼面）

Attention should be paid to condensation control in Jinan area, and a moisture-proof layer (aluminum foil veneer) should be installed outside the insulation layer

五、與其他專業協同要點

5、 Key points for collaboration with other professions

管線綜合原則

Comprehensive principle of pipeline

風管避讓原則：有壓管讓無壓管，小管線讓大管線

Principle of avoiding air ducts: pressure pipes should be replaced by non pressure pipes, and small pipes should be replaced by large pipelines

某綜合體項目實例：風管與噴淋管交叉時，風管上翻 300mm 避開噴淋頭

Example of a certain integrated project: When the air duct intersects with the sprinkler pipe, the air duct is flipped up 300mm to avoid the sprinkler head

預留孔洞標注

Reserved hole marking

穿墻套管尺寸需比風管大 100mm，濟南地區預留孔洞需考慮保溫層厚度

The size of the through wall sleeve should be 100mm larger than the air duct, and the reserved holes in Jinan area need to consider the thickness of the insulation layer

人防套管需標注密閉肋位置（距墻表面 50mm）

The position of the sealing rib should be marked on the civil air defense casing (50mm away from the wall surface)

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